Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) is also referred to as monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1) and small inducible cytokine A2. CCL2 is a small cytokine that belongs to the CC chemokine family. CCL2 recruits monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells to the sites of inflammation produced by either tissue injury or infection. Human CCL2 cDNA encodes a 99 amino acid (aa) precursor protein with a 23 aa signal peptide and a 76 aa mature protein. Human CCL2 shares 78-79% aa identity with canine, porcine and equine CCL2, while mouse and rat express a form of CCL2 that is extended by 49 aa and shares only ~56% aa identity within the common region.
Recombinant Human MCP-1/CCL2 produced in E.coli is a single non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 76 amino acids. A fully biologically active molecule, rhMCP-1/CCL2 has a molecular mass of 8.7 kD analyzed by reducing SDS-PAGE and is obtained by chromatographic techniques at GenScript.